Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) is an environmental contaminant which may be associated with reproductive abnormalities. In the present study, we examined the effect of CrVI on rat female reproductive function. Female Wistar rats received a daily intraperitoneal injection (ip) of potassium dichromate (1 or 2 mg/kg body weight) for fifteen consecutive days. The relative weight and histology of ovary and uterus were determined as well as follicule counting and duration of estrous cycle. Cr level in blood and ovary was estimated. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations were determined. Results indicated that after 15 days of CrVI treatment, a decrease of the relative weight of the ovary and uterus occurred with decreased follicle number, and extended estrous cycle. Moreover, a dose-dependent increase in blood and ovary Cr levels as well as an increase in FSH and LH serum levels were detected in treated rats. Histological analysis revealed morphological alterations in ovary and uterus at high dose of CrVI. The ovary showed atretic follicles and arrested follicle growth, while uterus revealed atypical and atrophic epithelium cells surrounding the lumen with decreased thickness of the myometrium. The results suggest that subacute treatment with potassium dichromate promotes reproductive system toxicity and affects ovary and uterus function of adult female rats.
