Twenty seven species belonging to eight genera have been investigated in this study. These species covered the three restricted families, Papaveraceae, Fumariaceae and Hypecoaceae. The floral characters have been examined carefully, and the herbarium sheets, flowers, stigma, fruits and pollen grains have been photographed. The results indicated that the flower arrangement and symmetry, stamen number, presence of style, shape of stigma, and type of fruits as well as pollen grain characters all together proved new taxonomic division of the Papaveraceae s.l.. This investigation supports the separation of the Fumariaceae with two tribes from both the papaveraceae and Hypecoaceae. Meanwhile, the position of the Hypecoaceae, as subfamily level, under the Papaveraceae is more acceptable. Floral morphological key has been constructed as well as phenogram show the relations between these taxa using SYSTAT 13 program. A correlation analysis of nineteen most important characters has been investigated using SPSS program and an identification key has been constructed.
