Modernism Rotavirus is well recognized as a major cause of severe gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. In India 20-30% cases of hospital admission is due to rotavirus etiology. Rotavirus causes upto 5,00,000 childhood death annually in developing countries. Although the incidence of infection in children in industrialized and developing countries is similar, outcomes vary widely. In countries classified by the World Bank as high-income, the risk of dying from rotavirus before age 5 is 1 in 48,680; the equivalent risk in low-income countries is 1 in 205. The Rota virus vaccine which is now available in Indian market is known as Rotarix and another vaccine is Rotateq. All the rota viral diarrhoea cases, 88.5% are due to G1-G4 serotypes which are considered common serotypes. The G9 strain is also to be one of the five important serotypes globally with a relative frequency of 4.1%, however a high occurrence of G9 strains has recently being observed in several countries including India. Rotarix and Rotateq vaccine will be ineffective to control any diarrhoeal outbreak due to rota virus caused by G9 strain. So urgently need a new vaccine including 5 important serotypes containing G9 strain.
