Life Sciences

The Birni N'Konnihydro-agricultural structures are hydraulic works utilized for agricultural purposes in this region of Niger. They play a pivotal role in the country's economy. In recent years, these hydraulic infrastructures have been subjected to a multitude of degradation factors, both physical and chemical in nature. The physical factors include erosion, sedimentation, and fatigue, while the chemical factors encompass corrosion and pollution. Additionally, biological factors, particularly the impact of vegetation, have also contributed to the deterioration of these structures.

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is one of the major seed spice crop. It suffers from various diseases. Among these diseases, stem rot disease is becoming a considerable threat to the fennel. The present investigation aimed to evaluate eco-friendly approaches viz., Bio agent, plant extracts, and oil cakes to control Sclerotinia rot of fennel under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Maximum disease reduction was observed in the seed treatment + soil application of T. harzianum. All the tested plant extracts inhibit the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum under in vitro conditions.

Experiment was conducted during January to April of 2022 and 2023 in plastic greenhouse. Plantlets of the released banana cultivar Grand Naine were produced in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of Kassala and Gash Research Station. The experiment consisted of two factors, planting media and irrigation methods; each factor consisted of three types. The treatments were randomly laid out in a split-plot design with three replications.

Credit is inferred to as an important catalytic in enhancing agricultural production but its access is determined and impeded by many factors. This study consequently examined the determinants of agricultural credit accessibility and challenges faced by farmers in accessing credit in South Western Nigeria. The population of this study comprised farmers in South Western Nigeria. Multi-stages sampling technique was adopted to select 225 farmers who benefitted from agricultural credits. Descriptive statistics was used to investigate the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers.

L'étude a été réalisée dans la commune rurale de Bandé, située dans la région de Zinder, dans le but d'analyser les impacts socio-économiques et environnementaux de la pêcherie dans les mares. Trois types d'engins de pêche ont été identifié : hameçon, filet maillant et nasse en filet. L'utilisation de la nasse en filet est la plus efficace, préférée par 90,9 % des pêcheurs de Gabi. L`analyse des résultats a révélé que 68,18% des pêcheurs de Gabi, 70,83% des pêcheurs de Guidan Gona et 73,68% des pêcheurs de Sawaya commercialisent leurs captures en condition fraîche.

Cette étude a étéréalisée dans le but de diagnostiquer l'activité piscicole dans la zone de Niamey. Elle émane des résultats obtenus à l’issue de 3 mois (juillet à septembre, 2023) d’études auprès des pisciculteurs.L'objectif principalde cette étude était de recueillir des données exhaustives sur les aménagements piscicoles de la zone périurbaine de la ville Niamey.

Mysids or opossum shrimps are grouped under macro-zooplankton which are used for human consumption. Mysids are harvested using hand trawl made of mosquito netting during low tide period at surface water. The study was carried out on monthly basis from one site from Coastal area, three sites from Mangrove estuarine area and three sites from Saltpan twice a month during May 2016 to December 2017.They show significant variation in their availability in different seasons. All the embryos within a single brood pouch were found at the same stage of development.

Two rotaryweeders with, conical and hexagonal were developed and their performance was evaluated. Various parameters such as weeding efficiency, plant damage, field capacity and weeding time reduction were considered during the trial. The AfricRice rotary weeder and a hand hoe were used as controls. The Boulbi irrigated paddy field was used as the experimental setting.The trial was conducted in a completely randomized Fisher block design with 4 replications in an SRI.

In the context of climate change and aridity of soils, the manufacture of enriched compost, from corn stalks and with very little animal manure, has often been proposed to obtain a kind of artificial manure. Composting is a fertilization technique that is well suited to the soil. The present study was initiated in order to contribute to a better knowledge of composting with the addition of substrates under the conditions of Burkina Faso.

The present research conducted in Adilabad and Mahabubnagar districts of Telangana state was purposively selected for the study. A sample of 240 farmers was selected for the study.An ex-post facto research design was adopted.