Physical Sciences and Engineering

The generalized evolution of the level of road traffic in number and characteristics, associated with overloads, today leads to an underestimate of the loads due to traffic when designing road structures. Consequently, this under-evaluation of the aggressiveness of traffic is accompanied by early appearances of damage to the roads and at the same time causing enormous budgetary expenditure on maintenance and rehabilitation.

In this work, we are interested in the mathematical analysis of a model of a bioreactor based on the results of a model already implemented ADM1. It is an observability analysis and estimation scheme for specific growth rates for an anaerobic digestion process of cow dung. A 1- stage model of 3 dynamic states is assumed describing all anaerobic digestion with a different population of microorganisms, and the evaluation of biogas production (methane + carbon dioxide).

In this paper we define a new type of number called the Highly Harshad number, that relates the sum of digits and prime divisors of a positive integer, then analyse some of its properties, its relation with prime numbers, and prove its infiniteness.

In coming years the world demand of energy supply will increase, and reduction of carbon dioxide emission will be the priority for meeting of the projected feature electricity. India was reported to be the world's second largest country with a total population of 1.35262 billion and 2718.7 million GDP in the year 2017. Over decades, there is increase demand of energy in India because of the exponential growth in the population.

In recent years, global energy systems have undergone a transition, with their energy matrices gradually shifting towards more renewable and cleaner sources. Among the various alternative energy sources, biofuels have become the subject of extensive academic research and scientific studies. The aim of this paper is to utilize jackfruit seeds, an agro-industrial residue, to obtain biofuel using the transesterification method. The oil was extracted from the seeds using the Soxhlet Extraction method, with hexane as the solvent.

Conservation and non-conservation are two aspects of extensive quantities. Current physics textbooks deal with conservation and non-conservation in some ways that, unfortunately, lead to misunderstandings of extensive quantities. In this paper, we will discuss and explain how this is inappropriate or obsolete and we will make some suggestions for teaching conservation and non-conservation of extensive quantities and finally give a clear and simple formulation for each extensive quantity.

Our objective for this work is to study natural convection in a cavity differentially heated in 3D. The equations which govern our problem are expressed in a dimensionless form with a calculation procedure based on the finite element method implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics calculation code. The flow is unsteady turbulent flow. Several numerical studies have been carried out in parallelepiped cavities using the Boltzmann lattice method.

This review embodies the theoretical investigation of three types of problems viz., a general model for the Technique of Reconstitution, Penetrative convection in fluid and porous layers under different constraints like, rotation, salinity gradient, nonlinear temperature profile etc., and thermosolutal instability in homogenous and heterogeneous layers in the presence of coupled molecular diffusion.The aim of the present investigation is to provide the qualitative as well as the quantitative features of the phenomena e.g.

Oil was extracted from tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) tubers at a percentage oil yield of 4.72% using Soxhlet extraction method. The extracted oil was characterized using Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and a fatty acid percentage composition of 35.69%, 20.78%, 18.03%, 14.25%, 9.35%, and 1.90% of Oleic acid, Linolenic acid, Lauric acid, Myristic acid, Linoleic acid and Eicosapentaenoic acid respectively was obtained, giving a total percentage fatty acid composition of 100%.

Sustainable agriculture performs a significant part in agroecosystems and decline destructive consequences at the environment through making use of multiple natural processes. Optimum soil fertility is a crucial purpose to be executed in sustainable agriculture system. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) execute an environmental-friendly way to accomplish the previous objectives. Most of the terrestrial plant species are associated with the AMF and they have a necessary mutualistic link with plants.