L’agro-écologie (AE) est au cœur des débats de nos jours, pour donner une orientation aux systèmes agricoles qui doivent être performants et durables.L’objectif de cette étude était d’analyser la perception des producteurs des pratiques AE importantes en fonction de laproduction agricole, et celles contraignantes dans leur mise en œuvre. Des enquêtes ont été réalisées auprès d’un réseau de 504 producteurs au Niger, au Burkina Faso et en Côte d’Ivoire. Les données collectées ont concerné les caractéristiques socio-démographiques des exploitations agricoles (EA), les pratiques AE.Les résultats montrent que l’association arbustes-cultures, l’amendement organique, l’insertion des légumineuses et les dispositifs anti-érosifs sont perçus par les producteurs comme étant les pratiques AE les plus importantes dans la production agricole. Globalement, les pratiques AE qui présentent plus de contraintes de mise en œuvre sont l’agroforesterie (association arbres/arbustes-cultures), l’association céréales-légumineuses, et les dispositifs anti-érosifs. De façon spécifique, le paillage et l’amendement organique apparaissent également comme des pratiques AE les plus contraignantes à mettre en œuvre, respectivementau Burkina Faso au Niger. Ces résultats suggèrent de mieux structurer les chaines de valeurs autour des légumineuses, de la fumure organique et de l’agroforesterie pour en faire des leviers d’actions pour une transition AE réussie en Afrique subsaharienne. Il faut également que tout cela soit soutenu par des politiques agricoles mieux articulées autour des évolutions futures des agricultures qui prennent en compte la dynamique démographique des pays de l’Afrique subsaharienne et la dimension environnementale.
VOLUME 15, ISSUE 08, AUGUST, 2024
The present research conducted in Adilabad and Mahabubnagar districts of Telangana state was purposively selected for the study. A sample of 240 farmers was selected for the study.An ex-post facto research design was adopted. The analysis of the adaptability of the cotton growers indicates that the majority of the respondents had medium (65.83%) level of adaptation followed by high (18.33%) and low (15.83%) levels of adaptability.Farming experience, land holding, family size, achievement motivation, credit and subsidy orientation and risk orientation were positively and significantly related tothe extent of adaptation measures in combating climate variability. Age, annual income, extension contact, social participation, and Cosmo politeness preparedness to adaptation showed a non-significant relationship with the adaptability of cotton growers towards climate variability.
With Heat stress causes detrimental effects on duck production which generate negative economic impacts. Thus, raising Pekin duck as heat stress tolerant breeds and are well-adapted to Philippine climate and feeding azolla that is well-known for its high crude protein, lysine and glutamine that can combat heat stress due to immune-modulatory effect is indeed significant alternative strategy. The study aimed to determine the stress level, behavior and economics of pekin duck fed with different levels of fresh azolla raised under induced heat stress. Significant differences among dietary treatments were analyzed using Scheffe’s Test. Findings showed that pekin ducks fed with azolla have significantly heavier final weights and lower blood and urine cortisol level. Moreover, feeding azolla did not trigger any aggressive behavior and molting and significantly reduced the feather pecking behavior. Pekin ducks fed with azolla raised under induced heat stress significantly improved the eating percentage. In general, pekin ducks provided with 50%-75% azolla have significantly higher incurred net income and ROI. Generally, provision of azolla up to 75% in dietary ration is recommended for farmer’s adaptation to improved eating habit while lowering blood and urine cortisol and reducing aggression of ducks and increase profit even under induced heat stress.
The aim of the work is to valorize the unconventional fly ash from the Bargny coal-fired power plant, in order to address issues related to the durability of concrete structures, as well as to provide economic and environmental solutions linked to the storage of industrial waste. To this end, a physico-chemical, mineralogical and mechanical characterization of hydraulic binders was carried out at the DANGOTE cement plant laboratory. Firstly, CEM II/B 32.5 R cement from the said plant was substituted with fly ash at different substitution rates (0%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 30%). Subsequently, a cement, with limestone, clinker, phosphogypsum and ash as raw materials substituting clinker at different tenements (5%, 10% and 20%), was designed and produced. After formulation and considering the results obtained, we can say that, on the one hand, the use of fly ash as a substitute product increases the Blaine specific surface area of the cement produced, and therefore its workability, and on the other hand that the mechanical strengths at 2 days and 28 days are within the limits acceptable under NF EN 196-1 regulations for a substitution rate of up to 20%.
With the ultimate goal of sustaining eco-friendly goat farming, identifying high quality feeds and preservation techniques to improved utilization efficiency which reduces GHGs, is vital to improve the overall goat productivity and elevate raisers profit. The study aims to determine the feeding efficiency of varieties of napiergrass fermented with various substrates on the growth, in-vivo digestibility and economics in raising upgraded goats. Study was laid-out following RCB design, where goats are treated with varieties of napiergrass fermented with different substrates and data were analyzed using Tukey-Kramer Test. Florida cultivar has the highest DM, protein content, and lactic acid content with 30.10%, 5.91g/100g and 32.80%, respectively. Silage fermented with wheat bran have the highest DM of 31.3%-45%, 5.18%-7.03% CP, and 33.0-39.0% lactic acid. Florida significantly improved weight gain (WTG), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), digestibility of forage, grasses, and silage, net income and ROI. Wheat bran in silage significantly improved final weight (FWT), WTG, ADG, FCR, digestibility of forage, grasses, silage, legumes, net income and ROI. Generally, raising goats fed with Florida silage fermented with wheat bran improved the forage, grasses, silage, and legume digestibility, which consequently improved the growth and eventually increases profit in raising upgraded goats.
Depletion of crude oil reservoirs around the world increased the costs of crude oil, and also the issues related to the environment seemed to be an emerging problem with the potential to shape human lives in profound ways. These problems are perhaps in great need of attention from the researchers to find an alternative way to build a sustainable environment. Many current articles focus on vegetable-based lubricants which are eco-friendly, biodegradable, renewable, and sustainable and have gained popularity and are accepted globally. Therefore, vegetable-based lubricant has become a potential alternative to conventional petro-based lubricant. Vegetable-basedlubricants are not widely commercialized due to their inappropriate chemical structure which leads to poor oxidative stability, poor corrosion protection, susceptibility to hydrolytic breakdown, solidification at low temperatures, poor flow, and poor viscosity index which lags them during application in odd conditions. The challenge in this field of study is to improve the above-mentioned properties and characteristics of vegetable oil without degrading their excellent tribological and environmentally applicable properties. The structural problem related to vegetable oil can be overcome by chemical modification to make it fit for the application of lubricant. Parameters like temperature, catalyst concentration, duration, and methanol oil ratio are necessary to obtain a better yield. The final ester obtained depends on the nature of alcohol and the use of a catalyst becomes necessary when the alcohol used is a complex type.
Globally, demands of fish have been increasing due to awareness of peoples about health. Live table size fish marketing is now becoming popular due to preference of consumer andalso fetch higher price in the market. The traditional methods of live fish transportation have significant fish mortality due to transportation stress and thus economic losses. The objective of this study was to standardize the doses of clove oil for handling and transportation as well as loading weight of fish. The presents study has found that optimum doses of clove oil for handling was 0.03-0.05ml/Lfor carp fish species and doses for the transportation of live fish (table size) was rangesfrom 5.0 to7.5 µl/litre of water. The present study showed that the optimum loading weight of fish (approximate 1-2kg size) was 40kg/500 litre water for safe fish transportation. Precaution should be taken to reduce the stress during harvesting, loading, transportation of table size fish. The farmers and venders should follow the recommended practices such as harvesting in the cool time, proper conditioning,optimum loading weight, use of sedatives and aeration in the transportation system to supply healthy table fish for the consumers and mitigate the stress related mortality.
The shea tree is the one of the most important tree in the Sahel because of it economic, social and other ecosystem services for the local communities. This study aims to evaluate the level of natural regeneration of Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn (shea) and others important trees in the agroforestry parks using the Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) technique in the villages of Dongo, Katcheli and Torem, in South Central region of Burkina Faso. For this, FMNR was evaluated in five (5) farmers’ fields per village and fifteen (15) fields for the 3 villages. In each field, the assessment was done in Five (5) plots of 2,000 m2, for an exhaustive inventory of all tree species. The results show that the tree species with a regular distribution in the field are in population importance order Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn, Pilliostigma reticulatum, Diospyros mespiliformis, Gardenia erubescens, Adansonia digitata, and Azardirachta indica. The assessment also shows that The global trees regeneration rate is 48.62% in Katcheli, 46.51% in Torem and 33.06% in Dongo. These rates are below 50% and this is mainly due to land preparation for crop production in these agroforestry parks. The dominant tree naturally regenerated and managed by farmers is Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn (shea), representing 85.39% in Torem, 75% in Dongo and 69.14% in Katcheli. The Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) technique can be used to increase the regeneration if farmers are trained and closely followed.
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of stump splits density and fertilization on the chemical properties of soil and the chemical composition of biomass in Panicummaximum Jacq. C1. The study was conducted in a split-plot design with three replications at the INERA research station in Burkina Faso. The primary treatments consisted of three densities of Panicummaximum stumps (3 splits, 4 splits, 5 splits), while the secondary treatments comprised five types of fertilization. The results indicated that the five stump splits led to increases in organic matter (12.82%), total nitrogen (13.88%), and CEC (8.3%). The fertilizer (Poultry Manure + Urea at 46% nitrogen) improved soil acidity and increased total phosphorus content by 75.4% and SEB by 17%. In the second year at the first harvest, the three stump splits increased total nitrogen by 18.84% of biomass compared with the four stump splits. In the second year and at the first harvest, the fertilizers NPK+Urea and Cattle Manure + NPK+Urea provided the highest nitrogen rates, respectively 0.48 and 0.32 nitrogen units greater than the absolute control. These findings suggest potential avenues for the production of Panicummaximum as part of an integrated approach to the valorization of local fertilizers.
Introduction: Traumatic injuries of the hand are an important aspect in the practice of the reconstructive surgeon. The objectives of finger tip reconstruction include the restoration of length, strength, position, stability, mobility, sensitivity and aesthetics of the finger. There are multiple reconstructive options for finger tip reconstruction. The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the Atasoy VY advancement flap as a first line option for the reconstruction of fingertip defects. Methods: The following study is a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational and analytical study. A representative sample of patients presenting a diagnosis of digital tip lesion treated during the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018 in our plastic and reconstructive surgery service. Results: The finger tip reconstruction through Atasoy VY advancement flap in this study showed an effectiveness of 96.86 percent. In the 138 cases studied, there were only complications in 7 patients. The major complication that occurred was necrosis presenting in 4 flaps, followed by wound dehiscence in 2 flaps and the complication that presented less was the surgical site infection presenting in 3 patients. No patient presented loss of sensitivity. Conclusions: The Atasoy VY advancement flap is a simple and safe technique with greater effectiveness compared to other surgical techniques that achieves reconstructive objectives with advantages over other flaps.
Water hyacinth, also known as Eichhornia crassipes, is native to South America but has spread throughout the world to tropical and subtropical regions. These invasive plants are notorious for their rapid growth and ability to form thick mats on water surfaces, causing ecological, economic and social problems. Rapid expansion can reduce biodiversity, clog waterways and limit access to water resources for activities such as agriculture, fishing and transport. In addition, water hyacinth can be a breeding ground for disease-carrying organisms, causing health problems for nearby populations. Actions to control water hyacinth include physical removal, biological agents such as pesticides, and chemical treatments. However, these methods can be problematic due to their vigorous growth and rapid regeneration under favorable conditions. To effectively address these issues, integrated management strategies that focus on environmental sustainability and community participation are essential. Protecting aquatic ecosystems and ensuring the management of water resources requires coordinated action at local, regional and global levels. The aim of this review is to examine the ecological impact of water hyacinth on the aquatic environment and propose practical solutions to reduce its negative effects. Despite its unhealthy nature, water hyacinth has benefits such as house building, soil erosion control, water purification and economic value in some areas.
In the current context of increasing concerns regarding energy efficiency and environmental impact, the management of waste heat recovery is essential for various industries. This article explores modern methods and technologies for waste heat recovery, focusing on energy efficiency and sustainability. We examine processes for capturing and reusing waste heat from industrial and commercial sources, assessing their impact on overall energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The study includes a review of relevant literature, case studies, and recent implementations of waste heat recovery technologies. The conclusions highlight the economic and ecological benefits of efficient waste heat management and provide recommendations for optimizing industrial processes to enhance energy performance. This article aims to offer an integrated perspective on waste heat management practices, there by contributing to the development of innovative and sustainable solutions for the industry.
The new variant of equation of metabolism as “Donators (first stage of proton conductance) + membrane - redox potentials three state line system + O2 (Hemoglobin of pulmonary capillary-8-th stage, Hemoglobin of tissue-87 trillion cell surrounded capillary-9-th stage,) + ADP + Pi + (H+ + nH + memb.space - proton gradient-4-th stage) = (ATP + heat energy-5 -th stage) + H2O (5-th stage) + (nH + matrix) + CO2(second stage of proton conductance)”, which give to us the possility to speak about of existing of two forms of free protons as at first : left side of equation - Н+ membrane space – formed by this reaction as - СНО- food molecules , separated from СНО - Н- hydrogen atom , separated from hydrogen atom free proton, free electron –proton gradient – at second : right side of equation H+ matrix is the main Molecular mechanism of the Membrane Redoxy Potential: A Three-State-Dependency Closed 9-Step Stepped Cycle of Proton Conductance. In such way all processes including from Sixth stage – to Ningh stage of proton conductance may be describe as carbon dioxide diffuses in to the plasma and red blood cells (in the tissue capillaries), carbon dioxide is released from red blood cells, proton is released from red blood cells (in the pulmonary capillaries), oxygen diffuses in to plasma from alveolus, oxygen binds to hemoglobin, in the chloride shift as HCO3 diffuses in to red blood cells, proton and carbon dioxide are combined with hemoglobin, that has released oxygen, promotes the release of oxygen from hemoglobin – oxygen diffuses out of red blood cells and plasma in to tissues – mitochondria of 87 trillion cells through oxygen channeling lipid based pathways.
A sociedade sempre vem buscando prática de agricultura que seja menos agressiva ao ambiente e que proteja os recursos naturais principalmente o solo e a água com apoio de conhecimentos das populações tradicionais. A presente pesquisa tem objectivo caracterizar as práticas agrícolas baseadas em princípios agro-ecológicos adoptadas por agricultores familiares da comunidade rural do Posto Administrativo de Ocua, distrito de Chiúre. Para o alcance dos objectivos aplicou-se as técnicas de entrevistas semiestruturadas, inquéritos por questionário e observação para a colecta de dados, que, posteriormente foram processados pelo pacote estatístico Microsoft Excel 2010 e SPSS versão 25. Constatou-se que as diversificações de produção agro-pecuária utilizadas são o consorciamento de culturas (37.8%), agro-florestas (23.4%), sistemas mistos de plantio e criação de animais domésticos (19.8%) e por último rotação de culturas (18.9%). Cerca da reciclagem de nutrientes e matéria orgânica a presente pesquisa teve como resultados 47.7% para o retorno de resíduos de colheita, enquanto 19.8 % utilizam o esterco/estrume como adubo orgânico, 17.1% utilizam o adubo verde, Feijão bóer e feijão Nhemba, na maioria das vezes conconsorciadas com outras culturas e os restantes 15.3% utilizam a compostagem. Os agricultores não classificam a sua machambas como orgânica e sim como agro-ecológica, pois utilizam as práticas sustentáveis na produção agro-pecuária, mas às vezes quando necessário recorrem ao uso de insumos químicos. Os principais motivos para adopção de prática da agro-ecologia são: necessidade de maior conservação dos recursos naturais, melhoramento da comercialização e produção de alimentos saudáveis. Apesar da presença de práticas agro-ecológicas, ainda há pouca orientação técnica para os agricultores locais daquela comunidade.
O Sistema Agro-Florestal é parte integrante das florestas e agricultura, sendo uma área usada para obtenção de graus académicos em várias universidades em todo o mundo. Porém, foi objectivo do estudo caracterizar as práticas agro-florestais tradicionais da comunidade de Quimela, Posto Administrativo de Ocua, distrito de Chiúre.O levantamento de dados foi feito com base num questionário onde foram usadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, inquéritos e observações nas machambas/habitações dos agricultores. Segundo a natureza das componentes foram identificadas as seguintes práticas agro-florestais: agrisilvicultura e agrosilvopastorícia sendo a agrisilvicultura apresentado com maior frequência cerca de 92.5%e 7.5% respectivamente. A componente perene constituída por fruteiras, cajueiro, bananeira, mangueira, goiabeira, laranjeira, limoeiro e espécies florestais Acaciakarro, Adansoniadigitata, Moringa olenifera ,Acaciatortilis, Piliostigmathonningii, Combretum imberbe, Pterocarpusangolensis Annonasenegalensis, Ziziphusmauritiana e Sclerocaryabirrea. A componente anual é formada principalmente por abobora, arroz, gergelim, mandioca, mapira, milho e cana-de-açúcar enquanto a componente animal inclui cabrito, ovelhas, galinhas, pombos e pato. As principais práticas identificadas são: hortas caseiras e árvores de uso múltiplo em áreas de culturas. Conclui-se que os agricultores dependem dos sistemas agro-florestais para sua subsistência e os mostraram que tem mínimo conhecimento em relação as árvores nos campos agrícolas devido aos benefícios múltiplos que estes trazem.
The present study deals with the cost and return of vegetable pea production in Deoria district of Uttar Pradesh in the year of 2021-22 was selected purposively. A list of all 16 blocks was prepared on the basis area and production. One block namely deoria Sadar block was purposively selected for the study and 5 villages were selected on the basis of maximum coverage of area under vegetable pea crop. The farmers were selected randomly method. Thus, total sample size 60 farmers which comprised of marginal, small, medium and large farmer. The cost of vegetable pea cultivation was worked out to be Rs70575.70 per hectare. The gross income, net income, farm per hectare came to Rs.154252.60 and Rs. 77476.10 respectively. The B: C which indicates the profitability of investment was observed to be 1: 2.00 at the overall level.
En éducation, l’analyse des perceptions sur les causes des différentes formes d’incivisme en milieu scolaire par groupe d’acteurs oriente la recherche « sur les bonnes pratiques civiques et citoyennes dans les enseignements post-primaire et secondaire au Burkina Faso: contenus et stratégies de formation des acteurs » vers une meilleure compréhension de l’objet d’étude du sujet. À travers le traitement du corpus textuel sur QDAminer de 99 entretiens réalisés dans 22 établissements post-primaire et secondaire, cette analyse montreque, pour la plupart des groupes cibles de l’étude, l’influence de l’argent sur les élèves, le manque de suivi des élèves par les parents, la rupture de la transmission des valeurs, le mauvais usage du téléphone portable, la ratification des lois défavorables, l’instrumentalisation à des fins politiques, la proximité des débits de boisson, l’influence des médias, les mauvais exemples des enseignants/parents, le manque d’éducation civique et les effectifs pléthoriques sont toutes, des causes d’incivisme en milieu scolaire mais ces dernières se manifestent à des degrés dont l’analyse a déterminé la différence d’importance par groupe d’acteurs. Aussi a-t-il indiqué que le manque de suivi des élèves par les parents est la cause principale qui prédomine dans ce milieu scolaire selon la plupart des groupes cibles de l’étude.
A partir de 306 questionnaires remplis par des enseignants de 22 établissements et du corpus textuel obtenu de 99 entretiens de plusieurs groupes cibles, la présente analyse en lien avec l’« étude sur les bonnes pratiques civiques et citoyennes dans les enseignements post-primaire et secondaire au Burkina Faso : contenus et stratégies de formation des acteurs »,permet de connaître les interventions qui sont mises en œuvre pour lutter contre l’incivisme au sein des établissements par le canal des pratiques civiques et citoyennes. Ainsi, de cette analyse des données respectivement, sur SPSS et sur QDAminer et suivant le cadre théorique d’analyse des données, il ressort que, en classe, les établissements du privé religieux aborde plus d’items (9/9) que les deux autres statuts public (7/9) et privé laïc (6/9) alors que 2/9 items abordés dans le privé religieux ne le sont pas dans les deux statuts. Hors de la classe, le privé religieux et le public, abordent plus d’items (5/11) que le privé laïc (4/11) et un seul item abordé « pratique jeux associatifs et sport » dans le privé religieux est absent dans les deux autres. En termes de ressources disponibles, le privé religieux aborde plus d’items également (5/8 contre 4/8 pour le public et le privé laïc) et 1/8 item « présence panneaux code routier » abordé dans le privé religieux est absent dans les deux autres statuts public et privé laïc. Cependant, cette même analyse montre selon les mêmes enseignants et bien d’autres groupes-cibles de l’étude qui les accompagnent, que les interventions dites abordées, manquent d’efficacité parce qu’elles manquent entre autres, d’implication de tous les acteurs à la fois et de coordination autour des valeurs sociales clefs du mieux-vivre ensemble.
Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica (Lam.) Cogn.) is among few indigenous crops in Ethiopia with a great potential for food and nutritional security, medicinal and socio-economically importance. Despite its importance, limited research was made in exploring the genetic diversity of anchote. Understanding the nature and magnitude of diversity and interrelationship among anchote genotypes for qualitative traits is vital to hasten the effective improvement of the crop. The present study investigated the extent and pattern of diversity within and among 400 accessions of anchote using agro-morphological qualitative traits. The accessions were collected from ten administrative zones ofWestern, South western and North western Ethiopia including East Wollega, West Wollega, Kelem Wollega, Horro Guduru Wollega, Buno Bedelle, Iluababor, Jimma, Bench Maji, West Shewa and Hulet Eju-Enese) from the altitude range of 1412 to 3025 m above sea level. The trial was planted during the off-seasons of 2017 and 2018 using irrigation on vertisols at the research site of Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Bishoftu. Data on 42 qualitative traits were taken and subjected to analysis using the SAS version 9.1.3 software, R for Alpha- Lattice design. There was a highly significant difference among the genotypes for leaf, vine and flower traits including leaf blade degree of lobbing, leaf general outline, mature foliage color, mature leaf size, mature leaf lobe types, number of leaf lobes, shape of central leaf lobe, internode length and diameter, vine tip pubescence, predominant and secondary vine color, tendril twining direction, limb shape, sepal shape, sepal apex, sepal pubescence, sepal color, and style color suggesting the existence of genetic variability among the accessions. Wider ranges among traits have been exhibited for all root traits; root size and variability, predominant and secondary root flesh color, predominant and secondary root skin colors, root shape, root surface constriction and defects, root cortex thickness and color, root formation, root stalk, root skin texture, root latex production and oxidation. There was no root cracking and root surface and flesh defects across the accessions. The variability of root size ranged from uniform to slightly variable, predominant and secondary flesh colors classified under white and creamy, predominant and secondary skin colors were similar to the internal flesh colors, root shapes classified in to round and round elliptic, root cortex thickness was very thin(<1 mm) to thin(1-2 mm), closed to open clustered root formation, short (2-5 cm) to intermediate (6-8 cm) root stalk length, and no root cracking has been observed. Root latex production among the accessions ranged from little to some, and the amount of browning observed 5-10 seconds after root cut was very little. The root size showed slight (19.5%) to moderate (79.5%) variations. Predominant root flesh color of most genotypes was creamy (63%), white (23.75%) and dark cream (10.75%). The root formation structure of most accessions was closed (95%), and few were open (5%). The number of leaf lobes was diverse, and the majority (93%) had between two to four leaf lobes. A wide range of genetic variations occurred for all traits except for root cracking and flesh defects. Root skin color had a positive phenotypic correlation with secondary root flesh color. Cluster analysis divided genotypes into six main groups indicating wider genetic diversity among accessions. The principal component analysis (PCA) also indicated that the accessions were grouped into seventeen components with eigenvalue > 1 and explained 64.99 % of the variability. The variation exhibited in this experiment could be attributed to environmental and genetic factors. The morphological variability and traits relationship exhibited in this study could provide a new selection mechanism in future improvement programs of anchote.
Extreme values of climatic variables (winds) present challenges in terms of the stability of built structures and environmental risks. In fact, estimating the recurrence of extreme wind speeds and basic natural speeds provides essential information for the design of certain civil engineering structures, such as buildings, bridges and others, with a view to ensuring their self-stability and, ultimately, the protection of the population and their environment. The aim of this work is to estimate the extreme speeds and basic gentle speeds of the winds in order to prevent the risks associated with the collapse and instability of certain built structures. The data used in our work cover a period from 1981 to 2020 and were obtained from meteorological observations at 09 stations across the country. The distribution law used in this work is Gumbel's law. The maximum annual wind speeds were adjusted to this law, and the parameters were estimated using an appropriate methodology. Based on Gumbel's law, it produced interesting results for all the weather stations considered. All these calculations show that the area most sensitive to wind is Kouilou Pointe-Noire (Vnb = 4.75m/s and Ve = 8.29m/s), and the least sensitive is Brazzaville (Vnb = 1.75m/s and Ve = 3.07m/s). These data are essential for calculating the basic and extreme dynamic pressures with a view to sizing civil engineering structures.
This study explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in financial market predictions, focusing on the application of machine learning models to improve the accuracy of stock price forecasts. It investigates the efficacy of combining time series analysis with advanced neural networks, including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), to analyze historical stock data and predict future trends. The results suggest significant improvement in predictive accuracy over traditional models.
Le Sahel fait partie des zones de la planète les plus vulnérables face au réchauffement global. Mais des modèles climatiques avec comme données d’entrée les trajectoires des gaz à effet de serre, permettent d’anticiper le changement futur du climat. Ainsi plusieurs scénarios d’émission des gaz à effet de serre sont utilisés pour réaliser des simulations d’évolution de certains paramètres climatiques comme températureet précipitation. En ce qui est des températures des données ont été générées sur l’Afrique grâce au projet CORDEX à partir des simulations et des projections réalisées avec le modèle RCA4. Il s’agit d’évaluer à travers ce travail, la performance du modèle RCA4 à simuler et à projeter les températures sur le Niger sous les scénarios RCP4.5 et RCP8.5 et d’identifier le scénario RCP le plus probable qui décrit l’évolution actuelle des températures sur Niger. L’étude est faite à travers une comparaison des sorties du modèle RCA4 selon les forçages CCCma, CSIRO, HadGEM2, ICHEC, MIROC et MPI aux données CRU et UDEL utilisées comme références.Les paramètres de comparaison tels que la distribution spatiale, la variabilité temporelle, le biais et le coefficient de corrélation montrent que le modèle est moins performant quand il s’agit des projections. Le modèle RCA4 projette un réchauffement moyen compris entre 0,8°C et 1,54°C sur la période 2006-2020 par rapport à la période 1951-1980. Cette analyse montre que le scénario RCP4.5 décrit mieux l’évolution actuelle des températures sur le Niger, et le réchauffement attendu d’ici 2100 pourrait être moins important que prévu du fait que le modèle surestime les températures projetées sur le Niger.
Environmental and biodiversity risks were greatly increased by toxic heavy metal pollution, The various water samples environmental with a history of heavy metal toxicity resulting from human activities or natural origin released in the environment. Ensure representative sampling from various depths and locations within the fields. Their widespread distribution in the environment as a result of their numerous industrial, household, agricultural, medical, and technical applications has sparked worries about their possible consequences on the environment and public health. Bioluminescent bacteria are thought to be an essential and effective tool. The luminous bacteria for Waste water, Seawater, Tap water and monitoring of different toxicants was to be isolated, optimized, and applied. The Microtox assay is frequently employed as the initial screening method in a test battery to identify microbial toxicity. From various source it is reported that a heavy metal toxicity monitoring efficacy of Vibrio harveyi has the ability to detect pollution in distinct environmental and various water conditions. It is anticipated that the Vibrio sp. Could be succeed in toxicity detection at different environmental and various salinity conditions. The history of bacterial bioluminescence discoveries and its present uses in environmental research will be reviewed, with a focus on the Microassay and luminometer methods.
Ethnoscience is a term to encompass studies describe local people's interaction with the natural surroundings. Ethnomedicine with no doubt remains the main revenue contributing to both orthodox and tradional medicine. In developing countries like the India, the use of plants as medicine plays an important role especially in providing affordable and accessible health care. A comprehensive study on documenting traditional medicinal practices way carried at Lowa Santoshpur, Dwanari, Purba Burdwan district in WestBengal, India and analyzed for the first time. However, studies to determine the use-value (UV) of these plants, the informant consensus factor (ICF), the frequency of citation (FC) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) have been scarce; hence, this study was conducted. For most of the communities there is a little published data on ethnomedicinally important plants, so data was collected on survey basis. Few, a total of 64 medicine practices were described for treatment of 21 diseases. They were documented from 182 informants. Among the documented data herbs and leaves are the most utilized pant, dominant families were the Fabaceae. The highest ICF value was 0.955 for digestive system disorders. Based on UVs, the most commonly used ethnomedicinal plant species in the study area were Azadirachta indica (0.37). The highest RFC was recorded for Azadirachta indica (0.049). The present study showed the traditional treatment using medicinal plants is still widespread in the study area. This study will promote furthur phytochemical and pharmacalogical investigations and possibly lead to the development of new drugs.
In order to develop the control signal for electrocardiograph (ECG), the property, forms, size and numeric parameters of the control signal shall be identified. In doing so, a mathematical processing and analysis were done on the electrocardiograms used as the input signal of the ECG because we supposed that the signal for checking normal condition of the equipment shall have the same rate and the same property with the equipment’s input signal. We aimed to select the most suitable option of control signals by making calculations using Fourier’s transformation. Up to date, the researches and studies on the electrocardiograms have been done only for clinical analysis, but it is insufficient today as the development of equipment and technology has reached much higher level. Thus, a feature-length study of electrocardiogram signals using special software has been started. In this study, while performing mathematical processing of the electrocardiograms, we used Mathcad for Fourier’s transformation.
This article focuses on the issue of arbitration misuse in jurisdictions that are susceptible to corruption and presents solutions to mitigate this problem. This underscores the vulnerability of arbitration, a highly regarded mechanism for settling commercial and international conflicts, to corruption, which undermines its integrity and impartiality. The paper examines many types of abuse, such as conflicts of interest and transparency concerns, and their effects on legal and economic institutions. The text proposes measures to reduce the impact, such as implementing legal reforms, making policy adjustments, and increasing transparency, highlighting the importance of international organisations. The study also examines the impact of technology breakthroughs, such as blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI), on enhancing arbitration proceedings. Successful changes and the need for ongoing improvement and international collaboration are demonstrated by case studies conducted in Singapore, Sweden, and Hong Kong. The article predicts a future trend towards international arbitration and the establishment of regional arbitration centres in less corrupt regions. It concludes by urging global collaboration to enhance the credibility and dependability of arbitration, thus fostering a more equitable global legal environment.
Ischemic heart disease is the most prevalent cause of myocardial infarction, a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Hyperlipidemia is a condition of abnormalincrease inserum LDL, cholesterol and triglycerides levels. The main aim of the current study is to assess the cardioprotective, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-oxidant properties of Vernoniaelaeagnifolia's methanolic extract. In vivo evaluation of cardioprotective activity of the methanolic extract of Vernoniaelaeagnifolia was carried out using Aluminium chloride induced cardiotoxicity and Isoprotrenol induced Myocardial Infarction models and anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the methanolic extract of Vernoniaelaeagnifolia was carried out using Triton induced hyperlipidemia model. The preliminary phytochemical screening and GC-MS investigation identified triterpenoids, phytosterols, phenols, fatty acids, and flavonoids. The IC50 values of the test extract were 22.09 µg/mL and 21.78 µg/mL, respectively, in the H2O2 radical scavenging and reducing power assays. AST, ALT, ALP, and lipid profile were elevated due to the induction of isoproterenol and aluminium chloride and significantly decreased by the administration of methanolic extract of Vernoniaelaeagnifoliaat doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg and standard (10 mg/kg). Histological observations revealed that rats treated with test extract demonstrated significantly less inflammatory cell infiltration and normal cardiac muscle fibres in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction.In Triton-X-100-induced hyperlipidemia, the extract markedly decreased the levels of lipids (Total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL) and increased the levels of HDL. The presence of terpenoids, phytosterols, phenols, fatty acids, and flavonoids might be responsible for cardioprotective, anti-hyperlipidemic, and antioxidant activities.
The conservation of agricultural products constitutes a problem for Burkinabè farmers in particular. They use more preservation methods including solar drying. However, the majority place their products on plastic films, mats, even on the ground under solar radiation and exposed to insects, animals, wind or dust. In order to improve drying and hygiene conditions, several solar dryers have been invented but do not have a storage system that can continue drying after sunset. It is in this sense of solving this problem that we set out to design a solar dryer with energy storage. The experimental tests made it possible to observe a difference of 8°C and 13°C at 6 p.m. between the temperature of the concrete (our storage system) and respectively the ambient temperature and that at the outlet of the solar collector. In addition, the overall efficiency of the solar collector is between 5% and 20% depending on the irradiation. The quantity of water lost by the okra in each rack during drying is between 1347g and 1352g for an initial mass of 1500g.
L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser la perception de leur professionnalisation par les producteurs de la fédération Woobin de Keur Moussa. Des enquêtes quantitatives et qualitatives auprès de 66 membres et l'analyse statistique descriptive des résultats ont montré qu’ils ont suivi plusieurs formations en techniques agricoles, en développement organisationnel et en protection de l’environnement. Le matériel et les outils de gestion mis en place par les animateurs, l’organisation de la commercialisation par la commission ad hoc, l’accès à des marchés de niche et la bonne appréciation de la qualité des produits sur les marchés locaux constituent, selon les producteurs, des succès dus à leur appartenance à cette fédération. Enfin, le financement des caisses autogérées renforce leur professionnalisation.
Drought is a serious threat to cotton growing. This study aims to evaluate effect of hydropriming on seed germination of two varieties of cotton, STAM 129A and STAM 190, under drought stress. Seeds are primedfor3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 hours. The germination test was carried out in 90 mm Petri dishes, at 0, -3, -6 and -9 bar adjusted by PEG-6000, and lasted 7 days. Germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI) and the relative PEG injury rate (RPIR) was then calculated. The results show that drought stress damage on seed germination was significantly reduced by priming seeds for 12 hours for both cotton varieties. Under drought stress, 12H-hydropriming increased the GP by 206.25% for STAM 129A and 179.26% for STAM 190. Germination, previously nil at -6 bar and -9 bar for unprimed seeds, becomes possible with priming and better with 12H-hydropriming. Increases of 250.76% and 289.55% of GI for respectively STAM 129A and STAM 190 are noted, when MGT did not vary significantly from the control. RPIR was reduced 35.89 % for STAM 129A and 27.10 % for STAM 190.Thus, seed hydropriming of STAM 129A and STAM 190 for 12 hours can be recommended to maintain germinative vigor whatever rainfall conditions may arise.
Orthognathic surgery which involves the surgical repositioning of maxilla & mandible is typically performed to correct skeletal discrepancies &improve facial esthetics, function & airway patency. This review aims to provide an overview of maxillary procedures commonly performed in orthognathic surgery, highlighting the surgical techniques & considerstiond involved in repositioning of maxill to achievr optimal function & esthetic outcomes.
Objective: To compare the effectiveness between Betadine (Group I) and Normal saline dressing (Group II) for catheter care among patients with indwelling catheter. Hypothesis: There is a significant difference between the pre test level of urinary tract infection among patients with indwelling catheter in Group I,& Group II. There is no statistically significant association between the urinary tract infection among Group I, Group II patients with indwelling catheter with their selected socio demographic and clinical profile. Design: Quasi experimental design. Setting: patients in a selected hospital at Perambalur district. Sample: 60 catheterized patients, 30 patients were assigned for Betadine group and 30 patients assigned for Normal saline group. Sampling technique: Purposive sampling technique. Intervention: catheter protocol was followed for catheter care except for altering the solution. The catheter care was given till the day of removal of catheter and after six days clinical symptoms of UTI was assessed and if the symptoms are present above the score of 7, then the urine specimen was obtained for urine culture and microscopic analysis by the investigator. Tool: UTI clinical symptoms checklist was assessed and the data were interrupted and analyzed. Results: Clinically there was a significant difference in the rate of Urinary Tract Infection between the betadine & normal saline groups but statistically it’s not proven. Conclusion: This study supported that the usage of 5%betadine was not inferior to Normal saline for catheter care. Hence the 5% betadine solution can be recommended in clinical practice, to reduce the incidence of Urinary Tract Infection, which is cost effective.
The safety of property and people against risks and electrical faults is essentially ensured by an earthing system. The essential element of the latter is the electrical resistivity of the soil. This is influenced by several factors. In this work, we used the georeference coordinates of the point (A), state of nature the day before the measurement (B), state of nature on the day of the measurement (C), and the ambient temperature at the measurement point (D). 9513 in-situ measurement samples on selected sites in Lomé constitute the database. Genetic algorithms and fuzzy inference systems made it possible to create models taking into account the bibliographic review. Evaluation criteria such as: RMSE, RRMSE, MAPE and R² are used to evaluate these models. The results give RMSE = 16.20%, RRMSE = 10.94%, MAPE = 9.27%, R² = 97.93% for Genetic Algorithms with the BCD configuration and for fuzzy inference systems, we have RMSE = 71.48, RRMSE = 48.29%, MAPE =35.29%, R² =61.53% by ACD configuration. We conclude that Genetic Algorithms give a very good result given the value of its correlation coefficient with the BCD combination, which justifies that the parameters used are well suited to predicting the electrical resistivity of the soil in the area considered.
Multifunctional excipients are also called all-in-one excipients and are made using co-processing technology. Co-processing is a way to enhance individual excipient physical properties like bulk density, texture, particle size, flowability, and functionality like tablet hardness, weight uniformity, drug uniformity, disintegration, and dissolution profile. BARETab® SL is a multifunctional excipient made by using co-processing technology, and specially developed for poor water-soluble active ingredients, we have manufactured a Hydrochlorothiazide tablet using BARETab® SL and individual excipient, evaluated pre-compression and post-compression parameters parallelly evaluate multifunctional and individual excipient physical and morphological properties. Multifunctional excipients BARETab® SL have outstanding physical properties and tablet properties, it gives higher tablet hardness, lower disintegration time, and enhanced poor soluble API solubility.
Density and speed of sound were measured earlier by us for binary liquid mixtures formed by Benzonitrile, Chlorobenzene, Benzyl chloride and Benzyl alcohol with Benzene at temperature range 298.15 to 313.15 K and atmospheric pressure over the whole concentration range. Pseudo-Gruneisen parameter and internal pressure were derived from the measured values of density and ultrasonic velocity. These values were compared with the theoretical values obtained by the utilization of Flory theory, Ramaswamy and Anbananthan model and model suggested by Glinski to predict the behavior of weakly interacting liquids. The observed properties derived from measured data were fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial relation to estimate the binary coefficients and standard errors. Excess Pseudo-Gruneisen parameter for these binary mixtures was computed to study the molecular interactions involved in the liquid systems.
Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is an increasingly significant health concern due to its widespread occurrence, heightened risk factors, and significant mortality rates. To address this issue, researchers have focused on utilizing the blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) signal to analyze the occurrences of apnea or hypoventilation episodes during sleep, resulting in the development of the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). In order to extract relevant information from the SpO2 signals, 35 Time Domain characteristics have been identified and studied. To enhance the practical application of these features in Industry 5.0 supply chains, a feature selection procedure was implemented, effectively reducing the dimensions from 7 to just 5. This reduction has significantly improved the feasibility of integrating these features into real-world scenarios. To select the most relevant features, a combination of the competitive swarm optimizer algorithm and the Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized in this study. By employing these techniques, the researchers were able to identify the most informative features for analysis and classification. The study achieved promising results using a random forest classifier, reporting an accuracy rate of 86.92% and a specificity rate of 90.7%. These findings highlight the potential of using the selected features for the accurate detection and diagnosis of OSAHS, contributing to the development of effective treatment strategies and improved patient outcomes.
La présence d’une fraction dangereuse dans les déchets biomédicaux mérite toujours une attention particulière sur les sources potentielles de production. L’objectif de la présente étude était de caractériser les sources de production de déchets biomédicaux (DBM) basée surles fractions dangereuses contenues. L’étude a été conduite dans la ville de Bobo-Dioulasso au Burkina Faso autour d’un échantillon detrente-un (31) établissements sanitaires publics et privés. Le principe du « système à trois bacs » catégorisant les déchets généraux considérés a été utilisé. Les pesées on tété réalisées en saison sèche et pluvieuse durant une période desept (07) jours consécutifs. Les résultats indiquent une production totale des DBM de la ville de Bobo-Dioulasso estimée à 1269 tonnes par an. Le CHU est les eul hôpital de la ville et produit 531tonnes de DBM représentant 42% du total des DBM. Il est suivi successivement des Établissements de Soins Privés Hospitaliers avec 234 tonnes (18%), des CMA avec 177 tonnes (14%), les Officines avec 95 tonnes (7%), des Établissements de Soins Privés Non hospitaliers avec 87 tonnes (7%) et des CSPS avec 74 tonnes (6%). Des catégories sources de productions, les déchets non dangereux sont compris entre 66 et 94% tandis que les déchets dangereux sont compris entre 6 et 34%. L’analyse en composante principale a fait ressortir trois (03) classes de sources de production: la classe C1 caractérisée par une production assez importante de fg (déchet non dangereux) ; la classe C2 composite est dominée par la fraction des infectieux fi; et la classe C3a une forte production de la fraction des piquants fp. Les informations autour de cette caractérisation sont desorientations permettant aux producteurs de s’organiser pour mieux assurer une gestion concertée et mutualisée des DBM.
El objetivo de esta investigación es, determinar las estrategias de cognición que aplican y aplicaron los estudiantes de idiomas durante las clases virtuales y presenciales antes durante y después de la pandemia COVID-19, indicando con qué frecuencia se emplearon dichas estrategias de cognición, por lo cual se llevó a cabo una metodologíacuantitativa de tipo descriptiva correlacional. Durante el proceso de aplicación se realizó una encuesta a 50 alumnos de la Licenciatura en Idiomas, de los resultados obtenidos encontramos que un 38 por ciento menciono que antes de la pandemia siempre tomaban notas de texto durante las clases, un 28 por ciento lo hacía durante las clases virtuales y un 44 por ciento lo hace luego de regresar a clases presenciales, recordando que el manejo de toma de notas forma parte de un aprendizaje efectivo concluimos que hubo una mejoría del uso arbitrario y frecuente de las estrategias de cognición después del regreso a clases presenciales debido al monitoreo del docente y la motivación del regreso a clases presenciales en la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco.
Renewable energy use is still a viable option for people when it comes to protecting the environment and promoting sustainable development. This is the reason why some people in the commune of N’Zérékoré have opted for the use of solar panels as sources of energy. Although the use of these solar panels is considered an alternative solution to energy problems, it is clear that the performance of these solar panels after installation is negatively influenced by meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity and precipitation. This Paper aims to highlight the dependence of meteorological parameters on the performance of solar panels in the urban commune of N’Zérékoré to allow users to make an optimal choice of solar panels on the market. To achieve this objective, a questionnaire survey was first carried out to identify the types of panels sold in the urban commune of N’Zérékoré. Then a method for evaluating the Variation in solar Panel performance by Standardization (EVRPS) was carried out. The results of the surveys showed the presence of 18 types of solar panels in specialized shops. The same trend was observed among users in the 16-neighborhood visited. Among the 18 types, 3 (Ulica mono, Felicity solar and Bosch solar) were respectively dominant in neighbourhoods and shops. Furthermore, we found 90 installations identified in households, 53 of which were functional (59%) and 37 non-functional (41%). Analysis of the results reveals that the performance and productivity of each type of panel strongly depended on temperature, humidity and precipitation. It has been proven that Ulica mono and Felicity solar types were the solar panels suitable to the forest region weather conditions. Therefore, this study suggests the sale and use of Ulica mono and Félicity solar” panels for the inhabitants of the urban commune of Nzérékoré.
L’agriculture familiale en tant qu’une activité de base dans le monde rural fait face à des nombreux défis depuis plusieurs décennies. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser la perception paysanne sur les défis de cette activité dans la bande sud de la région de Maradi. L’approche méthodologique adoptée est basée sur la collecte, le traitement et l’analyse de données. Au total, 145 chefs de ménages agricoles ont été soumis à l’enquête réalisée au moyen d’une fiche d’enquête de manière aléatoire et 15 entretiens ont été réalisés. Le traitement des données a été fait au moyen des logiciels Sphinx Plus2-V5et Excel. Les résultats de recherche révèlent que les défis auxquels fait face l’agriculture familiale sont d’ordre naturel, environnemental, socio-économique et technique. Pour ceux de naturels et/ou environnementaux, se traduisent principalement par la mauvaise répartition et l’insuffisance des pluies selon respectivement 63,19% et 62,03% des enquêtés. Ensuite, la dégradation des terres, l’inondation fréquente, les attaques parasitaires et acridiennes. Sur le plan socio-économique on note la pression démographique sur les terres (83,12%), le manque des moyens financiers (67,83%) et les difficultés liées à la main d’œuvre (27,01%). Quant aux contraintes techniques, l’agriculture familiale est confrontée à la domination des outils agricoles archaïques (97,02%), aux difficultés d’amendement des champs (79,52%), le manque de formation et d’encadrement sur les nouvelles technologies agricoles (52,78%). Ainsi, face aux multiples défis, les producteurs ont adopté plusieurs stratégies afin d’améliorer leur production. Face à la dégradation du sol et aux aléas climatique, les techniques de restauration des sols et conservation de l’eau notamment les zaï, la RNA, les demi-lunes, les brise-vents, la mise en jachère, et le paillage, sont pratiquées par 88,40% des paysans. Quant à l’insuffisance des terres, les producteurs pratiquent l’association des cultures (75,90%). Aussi on note l’adoption des variétés améliorées (69,11%) et le traitement phytosanitaire après le premier sarclage.
In modern architecture, people want to create impressive and intricate buildings. However, due to limited land and a growing population, especially in countries like India, it has become necessary to build taller structures. As buildings go higher, they face challenges from strong winds. This can be risky, especially if the building's shape is irregular, as it can lead to twisting forces and wind induced vibrations that pose a threat to the structure, human lives, and resources. Therefore, it's crucial to carefully study and understand these forces during the design process. In this study we tried to sum up all the conclusion made till date to mitigate the wind forces on high rise buildings. Adding openings or openings in a building is one method to reduce the impact of wind-induced vibrations and the force of strong winds, especially when constructing tall buildings. These openings allow the wind to pass through, decreasing the pressure on the building and minimizing the vibrations and potential damage caused by powerful winds as the building goes higher.
There is a wide genetic variability of cucumber in different parts of India. Performance evaluation of the different genotypes for growth and yield attributes is a prerequisite for any breeding programme. Hence, studies have been conducted at the Department of Vegetable Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute, TamilNadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, TamilNadu, India from 2020 to 2023 to evaluate different genotypes collected from different parts of TamilNadu to find the suitability of cucumber for salad and slice (fruit) purpose. Fifteen genotypes collected from different sources were laid out in Randomized Block Design with two replications and the evaluation was conducted in five seasons. The performance of the crop was assessed on the basis of plant morphological and quality traits such as vine length(cm),node at which the first male flower appeared, node at which the first female flower appeared, number of male flowers/vine, number of female flowers/vine, sex ratio, number of fruits / vine, number of days taken for first harvest, fruit length (cm), fruit girth(cm), single fruit weight(g), fruit yield per vine (g),fruit colour, fruit texture and TSS and purpose for which it is recommended –snapmelon/cucumber.Among the genotypes evaluated, CBECS-37recorded the highest fruit yield of 620.07g (vine yield/ plant) followed by CBECS-25 (589.25g vine yield/ plant).The highest TSS content of 5.150Brix was observed in CBECS-5 followed by CBECS-12 with a TSS of 5.100Brix which can be used for slice purpose (fruit).
The demand for blended learning is increasing in Saudi educational institutions, notably universities. Blended learning incorporates online and traditional face-to-face components to maximize teaching and learning best practices in synchronous and asynchronous learning contexts. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies on the attitudes, benefits, and challenges of implementing blended learning, even though it's been an emerging paradigm for decades. This study provides a picture of EFL teachers' attitudes towards Blended Learning (BL) at University of Jeddah, Khulais branch. The study also sought to determine if teachers' attitudes toward blended learning were related to gender and teaching experiences. It explored if instructors encounter supports and challenges as they implement blended approaches. The research instrument used by the researcher to collect quantitative data from a sample of 19 EFL teachers was a questionnaire to measure EFL teachers' attitudes towards it. Analyses for the research data used Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS 26). The findings of the attitude questionnaire indicated teachers' satisfaction and positive attitudes towards BL, and they had never faced challenges. Also, the findings showed no significant differences among the teachers' gender and teaching experiences on their attitudes toward blended learning (BL). In the light of the results, some recommendations were suggested.
Teaching is a noble profession and our country has seen renowned teachers in various fields. Teaching Profession has evolved over the years and the demands of the profession has evolved over the years and the demands of the profession varies at different levels as for schools, colleges, professional colleges etc., Different schools promise global teaching with local knowledge etc., not being able to draw the line in the dynamic education scenario. NEP calls for nationalization of curriculum, while the states call for regionalization. To adopt for the ever-changing technological developments, it is required to elevate faculties at a global level. The certification programs help meet this demand. IIEECP is one such program that certifies Educators and prepares them to implement Active learning and Outcome Based Education to make Teaching standardized to the Global level. The Paper is about the Experiences of the Author in the journey towards the completion of the Course.
Ongoing discovery and development of effective strategies to treat emerging and often drug resistant strains of viral and microbial pathogens presents one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. Despite nearly a century of progress in developments in antimicrobial and antiviral therapies, infectious diseases still account for a substantial proportion of deaths worldwide, including over 100 million globally in the recent pandemic to date. In recent decades, the plague of antimicrobial resistance also represents an additional and alarming signal for both human and animal healthcare and signals a renewed sense of urgency in addressing this issue. This has made the search for novel classes of antibiotics, antivirals and therapeutics found to be capable of bypassing the microbial and viral resistance mechanisms necessary in order to replenish our current arsenal of clinically effective drugs and update our therapeutic regimens. In addition, the tremendous impact exerted by viral infections and related pathologies on our lives during the recent decade has forced scientists to acknowledge the opportunities and challenges associated with tackling infectious diseases by developing effective antiviral agents endowed with novel mechanisms of action. The discovery of new antimicrobial/antiviral agents, as well as the repurposing of existing drugs and therapeutic options will be crucial to fight the ever-increasing resistance of “superbugs”, pathogenic fungi, viruses, and parasites. Proponents of modern biophoton therapy proposed in this paper can trace its origins to the Russian scientist Alexander Gurwitsch, who a century ago observed ultra-weak emissions of light emerging from an onion root and soon found additional living tissues to be emanating similar energetic phenomena, thus energizing research which continues to the present day and projected toward the development of useful applications of the new-found biological photonic phenomena. The purpose of the present paper is to introduce the past experiences, potential applications and highly successful outcomes of biophotonic therapy as an option to treat infectious diseases including HIV, Hepatitis C, MRSA, and others, with emphasis on efficacy of using biophotonic therapies to treat and ameliorate the drug resistant variants of the above infectious agents, including potential applications for the current COVID-19 pandemic and in preparation for the emergence of the next epidemic or pandemic.
Entanglement is a key resource in the field of quantum computation and quantum technologies. One has to deal with measurement error-mitigation in the present day Noisy Intermediate-scale Quantum (NISQ) processors so as to witness advantages offered by entanglement. In this paper we implement Bell state measurements in IBM open access 7-qubit quantum processor ibmq_nairobi and mitigate errors incurred. We evaluate fidelities of all four Bell states (theoretical) with the ones retrieved experimentally before and after measurement error-mitigation. Our results reveal a clear enhancement in quantum fidelity after error-mitigation methods are employed.
The two major problems: climate change and global population are now common in worldwide. According to UNDESA 2017, there will be 10 billion global populations within 2050 and more desiccation will be observed with rising temperatures. It will likely have negative consequences on crop growth and productivity worldwide. Chemical fertilizers are imperative resource of plant nutrition, but quite expensive, representing a source of environmental pollution. Increasing restrictions on pesticide application in agricultural food products indicate urgent need for safer alternatives to maintain the product quality and restrain pathogen infections. Recent alternatives to chemical fertilizers and pesticides improve crop growth, using a promising and eco-friendly plant biostimulants. Thus plant fitness enhances. The need of fertilizers will be reduced, also resistance to abiotic stresses. Our study aimed to apply Moringa leaf extract (MLE) on seedlings of Cucurbita plant to acclimate and tolerate further heat stress exposition as a pre-treatment. MLE was applied in 5 plants as foliar spray (FS). The results showed that all treatments significantly increased plant vegetative growth, recommending higher yield grown in MLE. Plant extract could potentially provide a safe alternative to chemical fertilizers and plant regulators. Our experimental study indicates that MLE significantly improve growth of the plant alleviating the abiotic stress.
Aim: The study was carried out to determine the ecology, diversity and biological functions in soil ecosystems. Study Design: The study was done to explore the ecological importance and response to environmental changes. Place and Duration of Study: The samples were collected from Anambra garden soil between July to December 2018. Methodology: The soil invertebrates were extracted using three different methods: the Berlese funnel technique, direct observation, and sedimentation method. Microsoft Excel 2003 package was used to analyse the prevalence of soil invertebrates. Results: A total of 135 specimens of invertebrates belonging to three phyla (Nematoda, Annelida and Arthropoda) were observed. The prevalence rates of soil inhabiting invertebrates observed were 61nematodes (47.6%) 60 annelids (76.6%) 7arthropods (5.6%), 1 caterpillar (0.78%), 2 termites (1.56%), 2 symphylans (1.56%), 1 centipede (0.78%) and 1 mite (0.78%). The invertebrates observed were more in Indiagu, Okeani and Umuporoko, in terms of species diversity more species were encountered in Indiagu,Eziabor and Umukporoko. The most common soil-dwelling invertebrates in Oko were annelid and nematode, with high collected specimen coming from Indiagwu, Okeani, and Umukporoko. Indiagwu and Eziabor had the highest diversity of species, followed by Umukporoko. Conclusion: The study revealed that the soil is abundant in living organisms.
Agriculture is a vital sector in both China and Tanzania, contributing significantly to their economies and supporting numerous livelihoods. However, it faces challenges like climate change, resource limitations, market access issues, and technological advancements. This interdisciplinary analysis combines economic factors, basic agricultural principles, information services, and policy analysis to comprehensively study agricultural information services in both countries. The results have the potential to guide future policy decisions. Effective agricultural information services have become crucial in addressing challenges, ensuring food security, and promoting rural development in both countries. China benefits from a strong agricultural workforce driven by urbanization and technology, while Tanzania's smallholder farming, influenced by a diverse population, and defines its landscape. China has shifted away from agriculture due to industrialization, whereas Tanzania remains heavily dependent on it. Both countries recognize the importance of agricultural information services, with China leveraging advanced digital infrastructure and data analytics. Tanzania should invest in digital capabilities and mobile applications for rural areas. Collaboration and knowledge sharing between the two nations can facilitate agricultural modernization and economic growth, with Tanzania learning from China's diversification, technological integration, and economic alignment strategies.
The generalized evolution of the level of road traffic in number and characteristics, associated with overloads, today leads to an underestimate of the loads due to traffic when designing road structures. Consequently, this under-evaluation of the aggressiveness of traffic is accompanied by early appearances of damage to the roads and at the same time causing enormous budgetary expenditure on maintenance and rehabilitation. The objective of this work is to establish the methods for analyzing loadings due to traffic in two design methods (the French rational method and the Mechanistic-Empirical method) and then to establish a relationship between the “Nombred’ Essieuxéquivalents” (NE) and the number of “Equivalent Single Axle Load” (ESAL). The distribution of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) on different weighing stations in Senegal shows that heavy goods vehicles are generally overloaded with an overload percentage of up to 87%, largely exceeding the tolerance of 20% applied to the Total Authorized Weight. Charge (PTAC) by the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA). By plotting the ESAL graphs as a function of NE, we notice that the point clouds are arranged in the same way. An exponential type relationship between NE and ESAL is found with a coefficient of determination (R2) varying between 0.92 to 0.95. The resemblance of the graphs clearly indicates that the effect of the terminal serviceability index (pt) and the Structural Number (SN) on the number of ESALs has almost no influence on the relationships that may exist between ESALs. and not. The choice of the reference axle and the expression of the load equivalence coefficient, however, constitutes one of the important elements in taking traffic into account in the design of pavement.